CDC Reports Human Cases of H5N1 Virus in the USA

On December 18, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced a total of 61 confirmed cases of the H5N1 virus in the United States this year. Among the previous 60 cases, investigations revealed that 37 were in cattle, 21 in poultry, and two cases had an unknown source.

Severe Case Reported in Louisiana

A patient in Louisiana has been hospitalized due to a severe infection of avian influenza A (H5N1), commonly known as “bird flu.” This is the first instance of a serious illness related to the virus reported in the United States. The CDC confirmed this case on Friday, December 13.

The Emergence of the Virus in Cattle

The H5N1 virus, an avian influenza strain, was first identified in U.S. cattle back in March. Since then, it has impacted 16 states, with at least 866 cows confirmed to be infected with the virus.

Genomic Insights and Ongoing Investigations

Preliminary genomic data from the H5N1 virus in the Louisiana patient indicates that it belongs to the D1.1 genotype. The CDC is conducting further genomic sequencing and working to isolate the virus from clinical specimens obtained from the patient.

While investigations continue into the source of the Louisiana infection, it has been established that the patient had contact with sick and dead birds in their backyard flock.

California Enters State of Emergency

In a recent development, California officials have declared a state of emergency in response to the spread of avian influenza, especially affecting the state’s cattle. Currently, at least 650 cows in California have been infected with the virus, accounting for roughly three-quarters of all infected cattle nationwide.

This outbreak was first noted in the state’s Central Valley in August and has more recently spread to southern California’s dairy farms. Governor Gavin Newsom stated that this emergency declaration aims to better allocate state resources and staff to tackle the outbreak efficiently.

Newsom’s statement emphasized: “This declaration is a targeted action to ensure government agencies have the resources and flexibility to respond swiftly to the outbreak.”

Human Cases and Symptoms

Since April, the U.S. has reported a cumulative total of 61 human cases of avian influenza, most of which involved direct contact with infected livestock or cattle. Previously confirmed cases exhibited mild symptoms and have since recovered with antiviral treatment.

Common symptoms associated with human infection of the bird flu include sore throat, cough, fever, runny nose, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Rarely reported symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and seizures.

Low Risk to the General Public

Officials from the CDC reiterated this week that the overall risk of the virus to the general public remains low. Notably, there have been no reported cases of human-to-human transmission, and there are no indications that the virus has mutated to spread more easily between people.

Conclusion

As the CDC continues its surveillance and preventive measures, it is crucial for both the public and officials to remain informed about the evolving situation regarding the H5N1 virus. Monitoring developments can help ensure effective responses as we navigate these health challenges ahead. 🌍🐦